Every automation object provides a Parent and an Application property. The Application property returns a reference to the top-level Application object. This is a convenient way to access the Application object, particularly when passing automation objects as arguments to subroutine and function calls.
The Parent property returns a reference to the collection object that an object is contained in, or the controlling object. If an object is not contained by a collection object, the Parent property typically returns a reference to the Application object.
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